肾脏是人体的重要器官,它的基本功能是生成尿液,借以清除体内代谢产物及某些废物、毒物,同时经重吸收功能保留水分及其他有用物质,如葡萄糖、蛋白质、氨基酸、钠离子、钾离子、碳酸氢钠等,以调节水、电解质平衡及维护酸碱平衡。肾脏同时还有内分泌功能,生成肾素、促红细胞生成素、活性维生素D3、前列腺素、激肽等,又为机体部分内分泌激素的降解场所和肾外激素的靶器官。肾脏的这些功能,保证了机体内环境的稳定,使新陈代谢得以正常进行。同时,肾 The kidney is an important organ of the human body. Its basic function is to generate urine to purify the body metabolites and certain wastes and poisons while retaining water and other useful substances such as glucose, proteins, amino acids, sodium ions, Potassium ions, sodium bicarbonate, etc., to regulate water and electrolyte balance and maintain acid-base balance. Kidney also has endocrine function, the formation of renin, erythropoietin, active vitamin D3, prostaglandins, kinins, but also for the body part of the endocrine hormone degradation sites and renal hormone target organ. These functions of the kidney, to ensure the stability of the body environment, so that metabolism can be normal. At the same time, kidney