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目的了解“十一五”期间益阳市职业病发病状况,为“十二五”期间控制和减少职业危害提供科学决策的信息支持。方法运用回顾性调查方法,对新发职业病的发病特征、行业分布进行综合分析。结果 “十一五”期间,益阳市共发生职业病新病例403例,其中尘肺364例,急性中毒2例,慢性中毒34例,其他职业病3例。其中尘肺占总数90.32%,慢性职业中毒占8.44%,急性职业中毒占0.49%,物理因素等其他职业病占0.74%;至2010年,尘肺累计报告2 731例,现患尘肺2 130例。结论尘肺是该市常见职业病,应重点加强对煤炭、有色金属、黑色金属行业的职业卫生监管,加强个人防护,提高员工的自我保护意识。
Objective To understand the incidence of occupational diseases in Yiyang City during the 11th Five-Year Plan period and to provide scientific information for the prevention and control of occupational hazards during the 12th Five-Year Plan period. Methods The retrospective investigation method was used to analyze the incidence characteristics and distribution of new occupational diseases comprehensively. Results During the 11th Five-year Plan, a total of 403 new cases of occupational diseases occurred in Yiyang City, including 364 cases of pneumoconiosis, 2 cases of acute poisoning, 34 cases of chronic poisoning and 3 cases of other occupational diseases. Among them, pneumoconiosis accounted for 90.32% of the total, chronic occupational poisoning accounted for 8.44%, acute occupational poisoning accounted for 0.49%, and physical factors accounted for 0.74% of other occupational diseases. By 2010, pneumoconiosis cumulatively reported 2,731 cases and 2 130 cases of pneumoconiosis. Conclusions Pneumoconiosis is a common occupational disease in the city. Emphasis should be laid on strengthening occupational hygiene supervision over the coal, nonferrous metals and ferrous metals industries, strengthening personal protection and raising employee self-protection awareness.