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目的:调查孝感城区中老年对慢性病及其社区管理现状认知情况。方法:选择2010年7月至2015年7月在孝感城区3个社区的500名中老年人作为研究对象,利用自拟调查问卷对所有受试者进行数据调查,分析孝感城区中老年对慢性病的认知情况,及对慢性病社区管理现状的认知情况,分析影响慢性病认知的因素。结果:在慢性病种类中,孝感城区中老年人对于高血压和糖尿病,及风湿性关节炎与慢性支气管炎的认知率较高,而对于癌症、偏瘫及血栓的认知率较低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在慢性病的危险因素中,孝感城区中老年人对于缺乏锻炼、吸烟及膳食不合理的认知率明显较高,而对于酗酒、缺乏保健知识及悲观情绪的认知率明显较低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在慢性病社区管理现状上,孝感城区中老年对于指导其改变生活习惯的认知率较高,为62.00%,而在进行三级预防、强化慢性病自我管理、定期举办慢性病专题讲座以及建立社区卫生的信息服务平台等方面的认知率明显较低,分别为22.40%、36.80%、42.20%及21.80%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic分析显示,文化程度低、经济收入低、未患慢性病及年龄≥60岁均为慢性病认知的危险因素。结论:孝感城区中老年对慢性病及其社区管理现状认知仍存在一定的不足,相关社区卫生管理部门应针对问题的影响因素,积极采取措施,改善社区管理现状。
Objective: To investigate the cognition of chronic diseases and community management status of middle-aged and elderly people in Xiaogan District. Methods: From July 2010 to July 2015, 500 middle-aged and elderly people in 3 communities in Xiaogan District were selected as research subjects. Data of all subjects were investigated by self-made questionnaire to analyze the effect of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Cognition situation and cognition situation of community management of chronic diseases, and analyze the factors that affect the cognition of chronic diseases. Results: Among the chronic disease types, the middle-aged and elderly people in Xiaogan City had higher cognition rate on hypertension and diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis and chronic bronchitis, while the awareness rate on cancer, hemiplegia and thrombosis was lower, the difference was Statistical significance (P <0.05). Among the risk factors of chronic diseases, the awareness rate of middle-aged and elderly people in Xiaogan District for lack of exercise, smoking and unreasonable diet was significantly higher, while the awareness rate of alcoholism, lack of health knowledge and pessimism was significantly lower, with statistical differences Significance (P <0.05). In the current status of community management of chronic diseases, the middle-aged and elderly people in Xiaogan City have a high awareness rate of 62.00% for guiding their lifestyle change, while conducting tertiary prevention, strengthening self-management of chronic diseases, holding regular lectures on chronic diseases and establishing community health The information service platform and other aspects of the cognitive rate was significantly lower, respectively 22.40%, 36.80%, 42.20% and 21.80%, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Logistic analysis showed that low educational attainment, low economic income, no chronic diseases and age≥60 years were all risk factors of chronic disease cognition. Conclusion: There is still some insufficiency in the cognition of chronic diseases and their community management status among middle-aged and elderly people in Xiaogan city. Relevant community health management departments should take measures to improve the status of community management according to the influencing factors of the problems.