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新奥法以隧道工程经验和岩体力学的理论为基础,是以喷射混凝土和锚杆为主要手段的一种方法。这种方法把坑道的支护和衬砌与围岩看作相互作用的一个整体,既发挥围岩的自承能力,又使支护起到加固围岩作用。另外,钢支撑、小导管也是重要的辅助支护手段,尤其是在软弱、破碎围岩隧道施工中,此二种支护手段与锚杆、喷射混凝土组成联合支护体系,能起到非常好的效果。就是充分利用联合支护体系保护并提高围岩的自身稳定性,形成了以钢支撑、小导管、锚杆、喷射混凝土和隧道围岩为一体的承载结构,共同支承山体压力。笔者经过宝天高速公路BT12标段花石山2号隧道的工程实践,对这种联合支护体系在新奥法中的应用有了一个深刻的认识,进行了认真总结,介绍如下。
New Austrian law tunnel engineering experience and rock mechanics theory is based on the shotcrete and anchor as a main means of a method. In this method, the support and lining of the tunnel and the surrounding rock are regarded as an integral part of the interaction, which not only gives full play to the self-bearing capacity of the surrounding rock but also plays the role of reinforcing the surrounding rock. In addition, steel supports and small ducts are also important auxiliary support measures. Especially in the construction of weak and broken surrounding rock tunnels, the two support measures combined with anchor bolts and shotcrete can play a very good role Effect. Is to take full advantage of the joint support system to protect and improve the stability of the surrounding rock itself, forming a steel support, small conduit, anchor, shotcrete and tunnel surrounding rock as one of the load-bearing structure to jointly support the mountain pressure. The author through Baotian Expressway BT12 section Huashishishan 2 tunnel engineering practice, the joint support system in the new Austrian law has a profound understanding of the application, a serious summary, described below.