本文作者报导了4例ANLL患者,白细胞计数均大于2万/mm~3,在开始化疗10～48小时后由于肺部白细胞郁滞(PL而出现呼吸窘迫。患者临床表现有发热、呼吸困难、呼吸急促、广泛肺部罗音,胸腔积液和严重的低氧血症。X线胸片显示弥漫性肺部浸润、充血,心脏肥大和胸腔积液.尽管采用辅助呼吸,有3例患者仍死于进行性呼吸衰竭。尸解组织学检查表现为肺动脉、肺静脉和毛细血管扩张,管腔为白血病原始细胞栓子阻塞。肺组织电子显微镜检查 The authors report that in 4 patients with ANLL, the white blood cell count was more than 20,000 / mm 3, and respiratory distress was noted 10 to 48 hours after the start of chemotherapy due to pulmonary leukocyte dysplasia (PL.) The clinical manifestations were fever, dyspnea, Shortness of breath, extensive pulmonary rales, pleural effusion, and severe hypoxemia. X-ray showed diffuse pulmonary infiltrates, hyperemia, cardiac hypertrophy, and pleural effusion. Despite the use of assisted breathing, 3 patients remained Died of progressive respiratory failure.The autopsy histological examination showed pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein and telangiectasia, the lumen of the leukemia primitive cell emboli obstruction.Lung tissue electron microscopy