维生素B_1缺乏症又称脚气病,过去多发生在以精白稻米为主食的地区。我国隋唐已有记载:“久食白米,易生脚气。”唐朝孙思邈所著《千金方》将脚气病区分为肿、不肿。脚气入心3型,足见祖国医学很早就对此病已有研究。维生维B_1(硫胺素)是一种可以人工合成的五色结晶体,由嘧啶及噻唑环二部分组成。维生素B_1不能在人体内合成,必须由食物中获得,酵母、糖、(麦夫)、麦胚中含量最丰富、豆类、蛋黄、瘦肉以及动物的肝、心、肾中含量也较多,而人乳和牛奶中含量则较少。大米中含维生素B_1本来就少,100克大米仅含有0.05毫克,加之在精加工中损失也多,造成其维生素B_1含量更少。因此,长期吃精大米、细面粉,就极易造成体内维生素B_1缺乏,患上脚气病。维生素B_1缺乏症有什么表现呢? 一、循环系统表现该症易损害心脏,最初出现心悸、气促继而心动过速、下肢水肿、甚至出现心包、胸腔、腹腔积液。如果 Vitamin B_1 deficiency, also known as beriberi, used to occur mostly in areas where white rice is the staple food. Sui and Tang Dynasties have been recorded in our country: “long eating white rice, prone to athlete’s foot.” Tang Dynasty Sun Ssu the book “daughter of the square” beriberi is divided into swollen, non-swollen. Beriberi into heart type 3, which shows that the motherland medicine has long been on the disease has been studied. Vitamin B 1 (thiamine) is a kind of synthetic colored crystals, composed of two parts pyrimidine and thiazole ring. Vitamin B_1 can not be synthesized in the human body. It must be obtained from food. Yeast, sugar, (wheat husband) and wheat germ are most abundant, and the contents of liver, heart and kidney in beans, egg yolk, lean meat and animal are also higher , While human milk and milk content is less. Rice contains less vitamin B_1 already, 100 grams of rice contains only 0.05 mg, combined with the loss in finishing more, resulting in less vitamin B_1 content. Therefore, long-term eating fine rice, fine flour, it can easily lead to the lack of vitamin B_1, suffering from beriberi. First, the performance of the circulatory system is easy to damage the heart, the initial palpitations, shortness of breath then tachycardia, lower extremity edema, and even pericardial, pleural, ascites. in case