论文部分内容阅读
现行法学理论将公安机关排除在行使司法解释权的主体范围之外，这是法理学在法律解释问题上的一个理论误区。公安机关兼具两种职能，除治安行政管理职能外，还参与刑事诉讼，具有司法职能，是我国刑事司法职能部门之一。全国人大常务委会关于加强法律解释工作的决议，赋予了国务院及其职能部门对法律具体应用问题的解释权，公安机关行使司法解释权具有法律上的依据。从现实情况看，公安机关实际上在行使司法解释权。公安机关司法解释的权限范围只能限于刑事程序中两个方面的内容：一是公安机关在侦查阶段具体应用刑事诉讼的问题；二是公安机关执行刑罚具体应用法律的问题。公安机关在刑事司法工作中涉及与其他司法职能部门的司法工作相关的具体应用法律的问题需作司法解释的，应当会同相关的司法职能部门共同解释。公安机关的司法解释应遵循的规则：应当统一由公安部行使；只能是现行法律的具体应用问题；必须符合立法本旨；不得与国家最高立法机关的立法解释相冲突。公安机关应设置一个由首长主持的权威法制机构，行使公安机关的司法解释权。司法解释的形式也应当规范化。
The current legal theory excludes the public security organs from the scope of the subjects that exercise judicial power of interpretation, which is a theoretical misunderstanding of jurisprudence in legal interpretation. Public security organs have two functions, in addition to public security administrative functions, but also participate in criminal proceedings, with judicial functions, is one of China’s criminal justice functions. The resolution of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress on strengthening the legal interpretation work has given the State Council and its functional departments the power to interpret the specific application of laws. The public security organs have the legal basis to exercise the power of judicial interpretation. Judging from the reality, the public security organ is actually exercising the power of judicial interpretation. The scope of authority of judicial interpretation of public security organs can only be limited to two aspects of the criminal procedure: one is the specific application of criminal procedure by the public security organs during the investigation stage; the other is the issue of the specific application of the law by the public security organs. If the public security organ needs to make judicial interpretation concerning the specific application law related to the judicial work of other judicial functional departments in criminal justice work, it shall jointly explain it with the relevant judicial departments. The rules that the public security organs should follow in judical interpretation should be unifiedly exercised by the Ministry of Public Security; they can only be specific application issues of existing laws; they must conform to the purpose of the legislation; and they must not conflict with the legislative interpretation of the highest legislative body in the country. The public security organ shall set up an authoritative legal system presided over by the head of state and exercise the power of judicial interpretation of the public security organ. The form of judicial interpretation should also be standardized.