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目的了解乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)患者和对照人群预防乙肝的认识、态度、行为(KAP),分析乙肝病毒(HBV)传播的危险因素,为制定乙肝预防控制策略提供依据。方法采用成组病例对照研究方法,抽取乙肝患者178例,社会人群147人为对照组,进行回顾性问卷调查。结果病例组与对照组对乙肝是传染病的知晓率分别为91.57%和76.87%,对公共场所服务人员能传染乙肝的知晓率分别为19.66%和68.03%,对感染乙肝后危害严重的知晓率分别占87.64%和67.35%,乙肝疫苗可预防乙肝的知晓率分别为88.2%和34.01%,经血传播乙肝知晓率分别为87.64%和78.35%,经检验,病例组和对照组差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论乙肝疫苗接种率较低,应加强乙肝患者和社会人群乙肝科普知识的宣传,改变不良的生活习惯和行为,接种乙肝疫苗等综合措施,降低乙肝发病率。
Objective To understand the knowledge, attitude and behavior (KAP) of prevention and treatment of hepatitis B in patients with hepatitis B and control and to analyze the risk factors of hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission and provide the basis for the development of hepatitis B prevention and control strategy. Methods A case-control study was conducted in groups of 178 patients with hepatitis B and 147 with social groups as control group. The retrospective questionnaires were conducted. Results The awareness rates of hepatitis B and infectious diseases in case group and control group were 91.57% and 76.87%, respectively. The awareness rates of hepatitis B virus infection in public places were 19.66% and 68.03%, respectively. The awareness rate of severe hepatitis B infection was Accounting for 87.64% and 67.35% respectively. The awareness rates of hepatitis B vaccine-preventable hepatitis B were 88.2% and 34.01% respectively. The awareness rate of hepatitis B transmitted by blood was 87.64% and 78.35% respectively. The differences between the case and control groups were statistically significant Significance (P <0.05). Conclusion Hepatitis B vaccination rate is low, we should strengthen the publicity of hepatitis B patients and the general public knowledge of hepatitis B, change unhealthy habits and behaviors, hepatitis B vaccination and other comprehensive measures to reduce the incidence of hepatitis B.