Human infertility is becoming increasingly prevalent and is now estimated to affect10% of couples worldwide.Although phenomenal development in assisted reproductive technology(ART) has yielded a powerful and sophisticated discipline with which to combat many types of human infertility, success rates vary markedly and rarely exceed40%.Mounting evidence suggests that laboratory techniques usedroutinely inART may inadvertently impart detrimental effects upon gamete and embryo viability and competence.In this mini-review, we discuss how routine cryopreservation methods, commonly used inART, may exert iatrogenic(clinician-induced) damage upon sperm structure,DNA integrity, and function.It is recommended that future research programmes aim to refine or replace current cryobiology protocols in order that the efficacy ofART can be optimised accordingly.