静脉尿路造影(intravenous pyelography,IVP),是将有机碘水溶性对比剂注入静脉,对比剂在排泄过程中进行X线检查的方法。目前它是最常用的泌尿系检查方法之一,凡是疑有泌尿系症状的病变,均可选做IVP。然而在不采取预防措施情况下,不良反应发生率较高[1]。为减少不良反应,本科于2 Intravenous urography (intravenous pyelography, intravenous pyolography, is the organic iodine water-soluble contrast agent into the vein, contrast agent in the excretion of X-ray examination method. It is currently one of the most commonly used urinalysis methods, all suspected of urological symptoms of lesions, can choose to do IVP. However, without taking preventive measures, the incidence of adverse reactions higher [1]. To reduce adverse reactions, undergraduate 2