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目的探讨壮族家庭整体环境对中学生自我效能感的影响。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法选取百色市778初中生作为受试对象。采用一般自我效能感量表、家庭环境问卷和家庭教养方式问卷对中学生进行问卷调查。结果(1)除母亲文化程度(P=0.002)和父母婚姻状况(P=0.049)外,其他各项人口学特征在壮族和汉族学生中差异无统计学意义;(2)一般自我效能感与亲密性、情感表达、温暖理解3个因子正相关,与矛盾性负相关(P<0.05);(3)多元线性回归显示一般自我效能感受到亲密性、矛盾性、温暖理解、拒绝否认、过分干涉保护以及母亲文化程度的影响(F=87.812,R2=0.558)。结论中学生一般自我效能感与家庭环境、父母教养方式密切相关,温暖亲密的家庭环境,科学的教养方式有助于中学生建立较高的自我效能感。
Objective To explore the impact of the overall environment of Zhuang nationality on the self-efficacy of middle school students. Methods By stratified cluster sampling method, 778 junior high school students in Baise city were selected as subjects. The questionnaires of general self-efficacy scales, family environment questionnaires and family-rearing styles were used to conduct questionnaires among middle school students. Results (1) There were no significant differences in other demographic characteristics among Zhuang and Han students except for the level of maternal education (P = 0.002) and marital status of parents (P = 0.049). (2) The general self-efficacy and (3) Multiple linear regression showed that general self-efficacy felt intimacy, contradiction, warmth understanding, refuse to deny, excessive Intervention protection and mother’s educational level (F = 87.812, R2 = 0.558). Conclusions The general self-efficacy of middle school students is closely related to the family environment and parental rearing styles. A warm and intimate family environment and scientific rearing style help middle school students to establish a higher sense of self-efficacy.