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目的探讨10￣14岁青少年游泳运动员心室早复极的心电图特征和意义。方法选取10￣14岁青少年游泳运动员139例,以心电图下壁(Ⅱ、Ⅲ、aVF)和侧壁(Ⅰ、aVL、V4、V5、V6)导联中至少连续两个导联的J点抬高作为早复极的指标,将运动员分为J点无抬高、J点抬高<0.1mV和J点抬高≥0.1mV三组。以运动员为试验组,同龄普通青少年为对照组,比较其J点抬高的发生概率和程度,以及心室率、QTc和RV5+SV1振幅的差异性。并分别比较三组运动员心室律、QTc和RV5+SV1的差异性。结果①与同龄青少年相比,青少年游泳运动员J点抬高以及抬高≥0.1mV的比例升高(p<0.01),但均未超过0.2mV;②与同龄青少年相比,青少年游泳运动员心率较慢,QTc较长(p<0.01);③与同龄青少年相比,青少年游泳运动员RV5+SV1均在正常范围内且差异无统计学意义;④三组运动员组间比较,随着J点的抬高,心率有轻微下降的趋势,QTc有轻微延长的趋势,但RV5+SV1差异无统计学意义。结论①在10￣14岁青少年游泳运动员中,J点抬高是一个较为普遍的现象,但一般不超过0.2mV。如果J点抬高≥0.2mV,则发生恶性室性心律失常的概率可能会增加,因此有必要给予密切监控和进一步检查;②随着J点的抬高,心室率轻微减慢和QTc轻微延长的趋势,可能意味着J点抬高的程度与心输出量的增加和迷走神经兴奋性升高有一定的关联;③本研究没有发现青少年游泳运动员的早复极与左室高电压有相关性。
Objective To investigate the characteristics and significance of ventricular premature repolarization of 10 ~ 14 year old swimmers. Methods A total of 139 young swimmers aged from 10 to 14 years were enrolled in this study. The J-point elevation of at least two consecutive leads in the inferior wall of ECG (Ⅱ, Ⅲ, aVF) and lateral (Ⅰ, aVL, V4, V5, V6) High as an indicator of early repulsive, the athletes will be divided into J point without elevation, J point elevation <0.1mV and J point elevation ≥ 0.1mV three groups. The athletes as the experimental group, the same age ordinary adolescents as the control group, compared the incidence and extent of J point elevation, and ventricular rate, QTc and RV5 + SV1 amplitude differences. The differences of ventricular rhythm, QTc and RV5 + SV1 between the three groups were compared. Results (1) Compared with adolescents, the J-point elevation and the elevation of ≥0.1 mV in young swimmers (p <0.01) were higher than those in adolescents (all p <0.01), but none of them exceeded 0.2 mV. (2) Compared with adolescents (P <0.01). ③ Compared with young people of the same age, RV5 + SV1 of juvenile swimmers was within the normal range and there was no significant difference between them. (4) Compared with the same age group, There was a slight decrease in heart rate and heart rate. There was a slight prolongation of QTc, but there was no significant difference in RV5 + SV1. Conclusion ① It is a common phenomenon that the J point elevation among young swimmers aged 10-14 is not more than 0.2 mV. If the J-point elevation ≥ 0.2mV, the probability of malignant ventricular arrhythmias may increase, it is necessary to give close monitoring and further examination; ② With the J-point rise, a slight slow ventricular rate and QTc slightly prolonged The trend of J point elevation may be related to the increase of cardiac output and the increase of excitability of vagus nerve. (3) There is no correlation between early repolarization of juvenile swimmers and left ventricular high voltage.