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陈献章(1428-1500年),字公甫,广东新会白沙里人,明代心学宗师,世称白沙先生。《明史》称:“明初诸儒,皆朱子门人支流余裔,师承有自,矩矱秩然。曹端、胡居仁笃践履,谨绳墨,守儒先之正传,无敢改错。学术之分,则自陈献章、王守仁始。”[1]明清之际,思想家黄宗羲亦推崇陈献章,称其为先生,即“有明儒者,不失其矩矱者,亦多有之;而作圣之功,至先生而始明,至文成而始大。”[2]毋庸置疑,陈献章开启明代心学,他是宋明理学发展史上一个转变学术方向的重要人
Chen Xianzhang (1428-1500), the word Gongfu, Guangdong Xinhui Baishali people, the Ming Dynasty psychology master, the world said Baisha. “Ming Dynasty” said: “In the early Ming Dynasty, all the Confucianism and Confucianism were composed of the remaining ethnic groups, Academic points, since the Chen Xianzhang, Wang Shouren beginning. ”[1] On the occasion of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, thinker Huang Zongxi praised Chen Xianzhang, call it Mr., that is,“ there is a clear Confucianism, without losing the moment who are also many ; And for the saint’s power, to Mr. and Ming Ming, to the text into the beginning of large. ”[2] Needless to say, Chen Xianzhang opened the Ming Dynasty psychology, he is the history of Neo-Confucianism a major change in the academic direction of the people