要提高初中思想政治课堂教学效益，教师必须在“导、明、准、清、活”上下功夫。1．学生读书要“导”。教师要指导学生会读、善读。笔者在指导学生阅读方面，一是注意引导学生读书的方式，或提纲式、或问答式、或列表式等等；二是注意培养学生良好的阅读习惯；三是注意指导阅读 To improve the effectiveness of ideological and political classroom teaching in junior middle schools, teachers must work hard to “guide, clarify, quasi, clarify, and live.” 1. Students should read “guide”. Teachers should guide students to read and read well. The author in the guidance of student reading, one is to pay attention to guide students to read, or outline, or question and answer, or list, etc.; Second, pay attention to training students good reading habits; Third, pay attention to guide reading