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以大兴安岭火烧迹地在不同火烧年和不同火烧程度的土样为研究对象,揭示大兴安岭火烧迹地恢复过程中土壤真菌的多样性与群落变化特征,为火烧后森林生态系统的科学管理和森林更新提供理论依据。用PCR-DGGE法对土壤真菌进行了分析,采用Quantity one软件分析其多样性,通过序列的同源性比较构建系统发育树,真菌结构主成分分析采用Canoco等软件。结果表明:每个样品真菌种类丰富,不同样品有相同的真菌菌属也有不同的真菌菌属,17个优势条带测序所得菌属与黏滑菇属(Hebeloma)、蜡伞属(Hygrophorus)、蜡壳菌属(Sebacima)、管柄囊霉属(Funneliformis)亲缘关系最近,其中还有一些不可培养的真菌。不同火烧年和火烧程度之间土样真菌香农指数、丰富度、均匀度均达到显著差异(P<0.05)。不同火烧程度、不同火烧年均能影响土壤真菌的群落结构。
Taking Daxinganling burned plot in different years of fire and different degrees of fire as the research object, this paper revealed the diversity and community characteristics of soil fungi during the restoration process of the burned area in the Greater Hinggan Mountains, and provided the theory for the scientific management and forest renewal of forest ecosystem after fire in accordance with. The soil fungi were analyzed by PCR-DGGE, and Quantity one was used to analyze the diversity. The phylogenetic tree was constructed based on the sequence homology. The principal component analysis of fungi was based on Canoco software. The results showed that: each sample was rich in fungi, different samples had the same fungi and different fungi, and the 17 dominant bands were sequenced from Hebeloma, Hygrophorus, Sebacima and Funneliformis have the closest genetic relationship with some uncultured fungi. The fungal Shannon index, richness and evenness of fungi between different years of fire and fire were significantly different (P <0.05). Different degrees of fire, different years of fire can affect soil fungal community structure.