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人类基因组中存在大量的非编码RNAs(non-coding RNAs,ncRNAs),其中转录本大于200nt的ncRNAs称之为长链非编码RNAs(long non-coding RNAs,lncRNAs)。越来越多的研究显示,lncRNAs可在染色体重塑、转录和转录后水平调控基因的表达,参与细胞多个生物学过程。它的表达或者调控异常可引起众多疾病的产生,特别是与肿瘤的发生、发展、转移密切相关。一些lncRNAs在特定的肿瘤中表达水平升高或者降低,因此lncRNAs不仅可以作为肿瘤诊断、预后的标志物,还可作为新的特异性治疗靶点,文中就lncRNAs在肿瘤中的研究进展作一综述。
Numerous non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) exist in the human genome, and ncRNAs whose transcripts are larger than 200 nt are called long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). More and more researches show that lncRNAs can regulate the gene expression at chromosome remodeling, transcription and post-transcriptional level, and participate in many biological processes of cells. Its expression or regulation of abnormalities can cause many diseases, especially with the occurrence, development and metastasis of tumors. Some lncRNAs are upregulated or downregulated in specific tumors. Therefore, lncRNAs not only can be used as markers for tumor diagnosis and prognosis, but also as new specific therapeutic targets. In this review, the progress of lncRNAs in tumors is reviewed .