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背景与目的:染色体畸变检测已被用作一些癌症的诊断指标,但食管癌迄今尚无染色体水平的标志。本研究旨在分析食管鳞状细胞癌(esophageal squamous cell carcinoma,ESCC)及其癌前病变部分染色体畸变情况,探讨多色荧光原位杂交技术(multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization,M-FISH)辅助ESCC早期诊断及癌前病变风险预警的可行性。方法:选取文献报道最常发生改变的3、8、10、12、17和20号染色体,用其特异性着丝粒探针,采用M-FISH对来自113个病例的124份食管病变组织间期细胞核进行分析,统计各染色体的畸变情况,并分析其与ESCC染色体增加(增益)与临床病理参数之间的关系。结果:3、8、10、12、17和20号染色体在ESCC中增益畸变率分别为80.9%(93/115)、81.0%(94/116)、70.5%(79/112)、75.9%(85/112)、68.7%(79/115)和82.8%(48/58),与各项临床参数之间的相关性均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。同时,6个染色体在ESCC癌前病变中的增益畸变率分别为62.5%(5/8)、75.0%(6/8)、62.5%(5/8)、87.5%(7/8)、87.5%(7/8)和100%(3/3);在早期ESCC的增益畸变率分别为80.0%(12/15)、93.8%(15/16)、71.4%(10/14)、64.3%(9/14)、75.0%(12/16)和63.6%(7/11)。结论:3、8、10、12、17及20号染色体在ESCC及其癌前病变组织中均存在较高的染色体数目畸变率;M-FISH检测有助于早期诊断ESCC,并可能作为ESCC癌变风险预警的一种方法。
BACKGROUND & AIM: Chromosomal aberrations testing has been used as a diagnostic marker for some cancers, but so far no markers of chromosomal status have been found in esophageal cancer. This study aimed to analyze the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and its partial precancerous lesions of chromosomes, to explore the multi-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (M-FISH) Diagnosis and precancerous lesions risk warning feasibility. Methods: Chromosomes 3, 8, 10, 12, 17 and 20, which were most frequently reported in the literature, were selected. Using their specific centromeric probes, M-FISH was performed on 124 esophageal lesions of 113 cases Phase nuclear analysis, statistical chromosome aberrations, and analysis of ESCC chromosome gain (gain) and the relationship between the clinicopathological parameters. Results: The aberration rates of chromosome 3, 8, 10, 12, 17 and 20 in ESCC were 80.9% (93/115), 81.0% (94/116), 70.5% (79/112) and 75.9% 85/112), 68.7% (79/115) and 82.8% (48/58) respectively. There was no significant correlation between them and clinical parameters (all P> 0.05). At the same time, the aberration rates of 6 chromosomes in ESCC precancerous lesions were 62.5% (5/8), 75.0% (6/8), 62.5% (5/8), 87.5% (7/8), 87.5 (7/8) and 100% (3/3), respectively. The rate of gain distortion in early ESCC was 80.0% (12/15), 93.8% (15/16), 71.4% (10/14), 64.3% (9/14), 75.0% (12/16) and 63.6% (7/11). Conclusion: The chromosome aberration rates of chromosome 3, 8, 10, 12, 17 and 20 in ESCC and its precancerous lesions are high. M-FISH is helpful for the early diagnosis of ESCC and may be used as ESCC carcinogenesis A method of early warning of risks.