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近年来,随着广谱抗生素、抗肿瘤药物和免疫抑制剂等的广泛应用,器官移植、骨髓移植、导管插管等的普遍开展,尤其是艾滋病等的流行,侵袭性真菌感染明显增多,其患病率和病死率居高不下。IFI的病原菌主要由念珠菌属、曲霉菌、隐球菌属等机会致病真菌组成。由于IFI的临床表现无特异性,其临床表现及组织病理反应与其他许多疾病相似,很难诊断。目前IFI的治疗策略分为预防性治疗、先发治疗、经验性治疗和目标治疗。本文就侵袭性真菌的研究进展综述如下。
In recent years, with the widespread use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, anti-tumor drugs and immunosuppressive agents, organ transplantation, bone marrow transplantation, catheterization and other popular, especially AIDS and other epidemic, invasive fungal infections increased significantly, its Prevalence and mortality are high. IFI pathogens mainly by Candida, Aspergillus, Cryptococcus and other opportunistic pathogenic fungi. Because of the nonspecific clinical manifestations of IFI, its clinical manifestations and histopathological responses are similar to many other diseases and are difficult to diagnose. The current IFI treatment strategy is divided into preventive treatment, first-line treatment, empirical treatment and target treatment. In this paper, the progress of research on invasive fungi are summarized as follows.