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古代纺织资料和现代民族学纺织资料,虽无直接渊源关系,但两者之间应该存在地域纺织技术的传承,所以在研究史前时期纺织技术或工具时,借助当地或者临近地区的民族学资料作为参考和进行比较,是一种较为可信的研究方法。本文首先分析了小河墓地出土的毛布,其经头、经尾和两侧幅边反映了织物在布轴和织轴上的处理形式;其次对新疆各地少数民族的简易织带地机做了深入的调查和研究,认为这种地机与处在新疆毛纺织业发展初期阶段的小河居民毛纺织业的生产能力是相适宜的。在此基础上,根据最少添加和最低功能原则,探索复原出小河织机的形制。并根据织机的一般发展规律,利用新疆民俗材料佐证,认为小河时期的毛织机是无综地织机。
There is no direct relationship between ancient textile materials and modern ethnological textile materials, but there should be the inheritance of regional textile technology between the two. Therefore, when studying the textile technology or tools in the prehistoric period, using the ethnological materials of the local or neighboring areas as the Reference and comparison, is a more credible research methods. This paper first analyzes the wool cloth unearthed from the cemetery of Heihe, which shows the treatment form of the fabric on the cloth shaft and the weft shaft through the head, the tail and the both sides. Second, it makes an in-depth study on the simple weaving machine for ethnic minorities across Xinjiang Investigation and research, that this machine is located in the initial stage of the development of wool textile industry in Xinjiang Creek hair wool textile industry’s production capacity is appropriate. On this basis, based on the principle of least addition and the lowest function, explore the recovery of the shape of a small loom. And according to the general law of loom development, the use of folk materials in Xinjiang corroboration, that the river during the woolen loom is comprehensive weaving machine.