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目的比较早期不同营养支持在重症监护病房(ICU)患者康复中的应用效果。方法选取邵阳市第一人民医院ICU 2015年4月—2016年4月收治的住院患者66例,按照随机数字表法将患者分为肠外营养组与肠内营养组,各33例。肠外营养组予以早期完全肠外营养支持治疗,肠内营养组予以早期肠内营养支持治疗,比较两组患者治疗前、治疗7 d、治疗21 d血清蛋白水平、体质量及并发症发生情况。结果治疗前、治疗7 d、治疗21 d两组患者血清蛋白水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗21 d肠外营养组血清蛋白水平低于治疗前(P<0.05)。治疗前、治疗7 d、治疗21 d两组患者体质量比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗21 d肠外营养组体质量低于治疗前(P<0.05)。肠外营养组消化道出血、腹泻、呕吐、肠道感染、苏醒后拒食发生率高于肠内营养组(P<0.05)。结论较早期完全肠外营养支持治疗,早期肠内营养支持在ICU患者中的临床效果更好,可减少患者体质量丢失,改善营养状态,且并发症少。
Objective To compare the effects of early nutritional support in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. METHODS: Sixty-six inpatients admitted to ICU of First People’s Hospital of Shaoyang City from April 2015 to April 2016 were divided into three groups according to the random number table method: parenteral nutrition group and enteral nutrition group. The parenteral nutrition group was treated with early complete parenteral nutrition support, and the enteral nutrition group was treated with early enteral nutrition support. The serum protein level, body weight and complication of the two groups before treatment, 7 days of treatment and 21 days of treatment were compared . Results There was no significant difference in serum protein levels between the two groups before treatment, 7 days after treatment and 21 days after treatment (P> 0.05). Serum protein levels in 21 days of parenteral nutrition group were lower than those before treatment (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in body weight between the two groups before treatment, 7 days after treatment and 21 days after treatment (P> 0.05). The body mass of parenteral nutrition group after 21 days of treatment was lower than that before treatment (P <0.05). Parenteral nutrition group gastrointestinal bleeding, diarrhea, vomiting, intestinal infection, the incidence of antifeedant after waking was higher than enteral nutrition group (P <0.05). Conclusion Compared with the earlier complete parenteral nutrition support, early enteral nutrition support is more effective in patients with ICU, which can reduce the loss of body weight and improve the nutritional status of patients with fewer complications.