我国已建成铁路隧道总长约2100余公里,积累了丰富的经验,美中不足的是洞口段病害较多。据本刊1984年第12期所载《浅谈隧道洞口防排水》一文介绍,铁三院曾于1977年至1984年间,对东北、华北、西北等地区23条铁路线上的166座隧道洞门进行了调查,发现有不同程度病害的占49%,其中绝大部分是洞门墙开裂,又有不同程度的漏水,还有洞口段衬砌变形,尚不包括洞口山体塌滑落石等,这给 China has completed a total length of about 2,100 km of railway tunnels, has accumulated rich experience, the fly in the ointment is more disease at the mouth section. According to our issue No. 12 of 1984, “On the tunnel hole drainage” article, Tie Sanyuan had in 1977 to 1984, on the northeast, north, northwest and other 23 railway line of 166 tunnels The door was investigated and found 49% of the disease with different degrees of damage, most of them are cracked door walls, there are different levels of water leakage, as well as deformation of the lining section of the tunnel, does not include cave rocks and other landslides, which give