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该文采用4个处理:常规犁耕-休闲(DTF)、常规犁耕-小麦(DTW)、保护耕作-休闲(CTF)和保护耕作-小麦(CTW),分析了10年后稻作区保护性耕作和小麦种植对土壤养分的影响。结果表明:在CTW处理下,土壤全N分别较DTF、DTW和CTF处理高10.03%、26.81%和23.17%。土壤碱解N也呈现相同的趋势;土壤全P,CTW处理下较DTF、DTW和CTF处理分别高12.93%、15.86%和21.36%。在0~10 cm土深,CTW处理下土壤有效P分别是DTF和DTW处理下的4.5和2.1倍;土壤全K在4种处理中与全N和P有类似的趋势;与处理DTF相比,Ca2-P、Ca8-P、Al-P、Fe-P、O-P和Ca10-P在CTW下的含量迅速增加;代换态、易还原结合态、碳酸盐结合态、有机质结合态和无定形态Fe、Mn和Cu在CTW处理下含量降低,而残渣态Fe、Mn和Cu则增加。代换态和易还原锰结合态Zn在CTW处理下的含量增加,而相应地,无定形态和有机质结合态Zn则显著降低。而且,在有效Fe、Cu和Mn降低的同时,有效的Zn增加;稻作区,保护性耕作和小麦种植不仅增加表土层土壤养分的含量,而且可通过影响P、Fe、Mn、Zn和Cu的形态,缓解Fe和Mn对作物的毒害。
This paper uses four treatments: conventional plowing and leisure (DTF), conventional plowing and wheat (DTW), conservation tillage and leisure (CTF) and conservation tillage and wheat (CTW) Effects of Tillage and Wheat Cultivation on Soil Nutrients. The results showed that under CTW treatment, the total N of soil was 10.03%, 26.81% and 23.17% higher than that of DTF, DTW and CTF respectively. Soil alkaline hydrolysis N also showed the same trend. Soil total P, CTW treatments were 12.93%, 15.86% and 21.36% higher than DTF, DTW and CTF treatments, respectively. Under 0-10 cm soil depth, soil available P under CTW treatment was 4.5 and 2.1 times higher than that under DTF and DTW treatments, respectively. Soil total K had similar trend with total N and P in four treatments. Compared with DTF treatment, , The content of Ca2-P, Ca8-P, Al-P, Fe-P, OP and Ca10-P in CTW increased rapidly; the substitutions, reducible bounds, carbonate bounds, organic bounds and The contents of Fe, Mn and Cu in fixed form decreased under the CTW treatment, while the contents of residual Fe, Mn and Cu increased. The content of substituting and reverting manganese bound Zn increased under the CTW treatment, but correspondingly, the content of Zn in the amorphous state and organic matter bound decreased significantly. In addition, the available Zn increased with the decrease of available Fe, Cu and Mn. The paddy field, conservation tillage and wheat planting not only increased the contents of soil nutrients in topsoil, but also affected the contents of P, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu Of the form, to alleviate the poisoning of crops Fe and Mn.