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目的了解2005—2014年安徽省中小学生视力不良检出情况及动态变化,为制定学生近视防控策略提供依据。方法利用2005,2010和2014年安徽省学生体质健康调研资料,分析近10 a安徽省7~18岁中小学生视力不良检出情况及动态变化。结果 2005,2010和2014年安徽省中小学生视力不良检出率分别为45.8%,57.4%和63.2%,重度视力不良检出率分别为24.6%,30.9%和37.5%,重度视力不良所占视力不良的比重分别为53.8%,53.8%,59.3%,视力不良和重度视力不良检出率城市学生高于乡村学生,女生高于男生。2005—2014年安徽省中小学生视力不良检出率的增长速度表现为乡男>城男>乡女>城女,10~12岁学生重度视力不良构成比增幅最高。结论安徽省中小学生视力不良和重度视力不良检出率城乡、男女差异逐步缩小,青春早期增幅迅猛。应积极采取措施遏制视力不良的发展。
Objective To understand the detection and dynamic changes of poor eyesight among primary and middle school students in Anhui Province from 2005 to 2014, and to provide the basis for the development of myopia prevention and control strategies. Methods By using the data of Anhui Province students’ physical health survey in 2005, 2010 and 2014, the author analyzed the detection and dynamic changes of poor eyesight among 7 ~ 18 year-old primary and secondary school students in Anhui province during the past 10 years. Results The detection rates of poor eyesight in primary and middle school students in Anhui Province in 2005, 2010 and 2014 were 45.8%, 57.4% and 63.2% respectively. The detection rates of severe eyesight were 24.6%, 30.9% and 37.5% respectively. The visual acuity The proportions of malnutrition were 53.8%, 53.8% and 59.3% respectively. The detection rate of poor eyesight and severe vision loss were higher in urban students than in rural students and higher in girls than in boys. The growth rate of poor eyesight among primary and middle school students in Anhui Province during 2005-2014 showed that the male students> urban men> rural women> urban and rural women had the highest rate of severe visual impairment. Conclusions The detection rate of poor eyesight and severe visual acuity in primary and secondary school students in Anhui Province is gradually decreasing. The difference between men and women in urban and rural areas is gradually decreasing, and the rate of increase in early youth is increasing rapidly. Active measures should be taken to curb the development of poor eyesight.