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目的探讨青年缺血性脑卒中的病因及危险因素,以期早期对因治疗,最大限度地降低致死率和致残率。方法对213例青年缺血性脑卒中病例按年龄分两组,进行回顾性分析。结果青年Ⅰ组在大动脉硬化和小动脉闭塞病因方面低于青年Ⅱ组,两组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。在其它原因、心源性栓塞方面青年Ⅰ组高于青年Ⅱ组,两组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。高血压病、高脂血症、糖尿病等是青年Ⅱ组的主要危险因素,而血管炎、夹层动脉瘤、高同型半胱氨酸血症等是青年Ⅰ组的主要危险因素。结论青年缺血性脑卒中不同年龄段其病因及危险因素仍有不同的特点,特别是35岁以下的病例应尽可能寻找其临床少见的病因及危险因素。
Objective To investigate the etiopathogenisis and risk factors of young ischemic stroke in order to reduce the lethality and morbidity to the maximum extent by treatment. Methods 213 cases of young patients with ischemic stroke were divided into two groups according to their age and analyzed retrospectively. Results The young group Ⅰ was lower than the young group Ⅱ in the causes of atherosclerosis and arteriole occlusion. There was a significant difference between the two groups (P <0.05). In other reasons, cardiogenic embolism in young Ⅰ group than in young Ⅱ group, there was a significant difference between the two groups (P <0.05). Hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus are the main risk factors in young group Ⅱ, while vasculitis, dissecting aneurysm and hyperhomocysteinemia are the main risk factors in young group Ⅰ. Conclusion There are still different characteristics of etiology and risk factors in different age groups of young ischemic stroke, especially in cases under 35 years of age, the clinical etiology and risk factors should be searched as far as possible.