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目的了解嘉兴市社区戒毒人员梅毒和丙型肝炎感染状况。方法对2014—2015年嘉兴市16个街道(镇)司法所登记监管的戒毒人员进行问卷调查,检测梅毒螺旋体(TP)和丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)抗体,分析TP和HCV感染的影响因素。结果共调查449名社区戒毒人员,其中男性356人(79.29%),女性93人(20.71%);年龄16~47岁,平均(27.50±12.28)岁,吸食合成毒品370人,占82.41%;吸食≥2种合成毒品42人,占9.35%;吸食海洛因79人,占17.59%。TP双阳15例,阳性率为3.34%;TP单阳3例,阳性率为0.67%;HCV抗体阳性51例,阳性率为10.65%。不同文化程度戒毒人员TP双阳率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。男性戒毒人员的HCV抗体阳性率9.55%,低于女性的10.75%(P<0.05)。吸食海洛因者的HCV抗体阳性率39.24%高于吸食合成毒品者的5.41%(P<0.05)。注射吸毒者的HCV抗体阳性风险高于非注射吸毒者(OR=17.341,95%CI:8.387~35.857,P<0.01);使用安全套者的TP双阳、HCV抗体阳性风险均低于未使用者(OR=0.210,95%CI:0.064~0.689;OR=0.131,95%CI:0.063~0.273,均P<0.01)。结论社区戒毒人员以吸食合成毒品的青壮年为主,注射吸毒、不使用安全套等高危行为可能增加梅毒和丙型肝炎感染风险,应加强安全性行为教育和心理疏导。
Objective To understand the status of syphilis and hepatitis C in drug addicts in community in Jiaxing. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among the drug addicts registered in the judicial supervision of 16 streets (towns) in Jiaxing City from 2014 to 2015. The TP and HCV antibodies were detected and the influencing factors of TP and HCV infection were analyzed. Results A total of 449 community drug addicts were enrolled, of whom 356 were males (79.29%) and 93 were females (20.71%). Aged 16-47 years, with an average of (27.50 ± 12.28) years and 370 synthetic drugs, accounting for 82.41% 42 people ate ≥2 kinds of synthetic drugs, accounting for 9.35%; and 79 people taking heroin, accounting for 17.59%. TP double positive in 15 cases, the positive rate was 3.34%; TP single positive in 3 cases, the positive rate was 0.67%; HCV antibody positive in 51 cases, the positive rate was 10.65%. There was a significant difference in TP double positive rate among drug abusers with different education levels (P <0.05). The positive rate of HCV antibody in male drug addicts was 9.55%, lower than that in women (10.75%, P <0.05). The positive rate of HCV antibody in heroin abusers was 39.24% higher than that in those taking synthetic drugs (P <0.05). The positive rate of HCV antibody in injecting drug users was higher than that in non-injecting drug users (OR = 17.341, 95% CI: 8.387-35.857, P <0.01) OR = 0.210, 95% CI: 0.064-0.689; OR = 0.131, 95% CI: 0.063-0.273, all P <0.01). Conclusions Community drug addicts are predominantly young adults who take synthetic drugs. High-risk behaviors such as injecting drug use and not using condoms may increase the risk of syphilis and hepatitis C infection. Safety behavior education and psychological counseling should be strengthened.