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以铜藻为原料,在对其进行元素含量、生化组成分析的基础上,分别采用ZnCl2活化法和H3PO4活化法制备活性炭,并以活性炭得率、碘吸附值、焦糖脱色率为指标,采用正交法考察了升温速率、活化温度、浸渍比(活化剂/铜藻质量比)等因素的影响,得到最佳工艺条件.同时,采用扫描电镜(SEM)、Brunauer-Emmet-Tller(BET)比表面积等方法分析活性炭特征.结果表明,铜藻原料粒度对制得的活性炭性能影响显著,106～180μm的颗粒较为适合.ZnCl2活化法制得的活性炭吸附性能明显优于H3PO4活化法;ZnCl2活化法的最佳工艺条件为:升温速率10℃.min-1、活化温度600℃、活化时间2h、浸渍比4,在保证活性炭得率超过30%的基础上,制备的活性炭比表面积为2314.58m2.g-1,碘吸附值为835.3mg.g-1,焦糖脱色率为110%,性能明显优于其他大型海藻原料所制备的活性炭,是陆地传统活性炭原料的有效补充.
Based on the elemental content and biochemical composition analysis, the activated carbon was prepared by ZnCl2 activation and H3PO4 activation, respectively. Using activated carbon, iodine adsorption and caramel decolorization as indicators, The effects of heating rate, activation temperature, impregnation ratio (mass ratio of activator to copper algae) and other factors were investigated by orthogonal test.The optimum conditions were obtained.Meanwhile, the scanning electron microscope (SEM), Brunauer-Emmet- Surface area and other methods were analyzed.The results showed that the particle size of copper algae had a significant effect on the performance of activated carbon obtained, the particles of 106 ~ 180μm were more suitable.The activated carbon prepared by ZnCl2 activation was obviously better than H3PO4 activation, The optimum conditions were as follows: the heating rate was 10 ℃ .min-1, the activation temperature was 600 ℃, the activation time was 2h and the impregnation ratio was 4. The specific surface area of prepared activated carbon was 2314.58m2 on the basis of ensuring the yield of activated carbon more than 30%. g-1, the iodine adsorption value is 835.3mg.g-1, the decolorization rate of caramel is 110%, and the performance is obviously better than the activated carbon prepared from other large seaweed raw materials.