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目的调查辽宁省一般人群血和尿中镉水平,分析其分布特点。方法采用整群随机抽样方法,2009—2010年在辽宁省东部、西部和中部抽取2105名6~60岁人群为调查对象,分别采集血液和尿液样品。应用电感耦合等离子体质谱法检测血和尿液中镉水平,并分析年龄、性别和区域对血和尿中镉水平的影响。结果辽宁省一般人群全血中镉的几何均数为0.45μg/L;男性和女性分别为0.58、0.35μg/L(Z=-6.32,P<0.01);东、中、西部人群分别为0.41、0.31和0.77μg/L(χ2=160.63,P<0.01);吸烟和不吸烟人群分别为3.7、0.31μg/L(Z=-20.95,P<0.01);饮酒和不饮酒人群分别为2.25、0.36μg/L(Z=-13.52,P<0.01)。一般人群尿镉几何均数为0.44μg/L;男性和女性分别为0.46、0.43μg/L(Z=-1.88,P>0.05);东、中、西部人群分别为0.38、0.40和0.56μg/L(χ2=61.72,P<0.01);吸烟和不吸烟人群分别为0.60、0.41μg/L(Z=-5.82,P<0.01);饮酒和不饮酒人群分别为0.64、0.41μg/L(Z=-5.73,P<0.01)。结论辽宁省一般人群血镉和尿镉水平存在性别及地区差异,并与吸烟和饮酒有关。
Objective To investigate the levels of cadmium in blood and urine of the general population in Liaoning Province and analyze its distribution characteristics. Methods A total of 2105 aged 6 to 60-year-old population in eastern, western and central Liaoning Province from 2009 to 2010 were selected as subjects for the study. Blood and urine samples were collected respectively. The levels of cadmium in blood and urine were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and the effects of age, sex and region on cadmium levels in blood and urine were analyzed. Results The geometric mean cadmium concentration of whole blood in Liaoning province was 0.45μg / L; the male and female were 0.58,0.35μg / L respectively (Z = -6.32, P <0.01); the population in eastern, central and western China was 0.41 , 0.31 and 0.77μg / L respectively (χ2 = 160.63, P <0.01). The smoking and non-smoking groups were 3.7 and 0.31μg / L respectively (Z = -20.95, P <0.01) 0.36 μg / L (Z = -13.52, P <0.01). The urinary cadmium geometric mean of the general population was 0.44μg / L; the male and female were 0.46,0.43μg / L (Z = -1.88, P> 0.05); the population of eastern, central and western China were 0.38,0.40 and 0.56μg / L (χ2 = 61.72, P <0.01). The smoking and non-smoking groups were 0.60,0.41μg / L (Z = -5.82, P <0.01) .The drinking and non-drinking groups were 0.64,0.41μg / = -5.73, P <0.01). Conclusion There are gender and regional differences in blood cadmium and urinary cadmium levels in the general population in Liaoning Province, which are related to smoking and alcohol consumption.