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体内长期高水平雌激素的刺激可导致某些组织的癌变。雌二醇(E2)及其几种代谢产物均有显著的致癌作用。E2可通过诱导原癌基因活化、抑制抑癌基因功能、促进肿瘤细胞增殖、增强肿瘤细胞侵袭转移能力及促进肿瘤组织周围微血管形成而发挥其促癌效应。代谢产物则通过直接与细胞内蛋白质和DNA结合、或参与氧化还原反应产生自由基,间接损伤DNA来发挥其致癌作用。通过对雌激素诱发肿瘤机理的探讨,可以更好地了解和预防内外源性雌激素及环境中雌激素性致癌物对人的危害
The long-term stimulation of high levels of estrogen in the body can lead to canceration of certain tissues. Estradiol (E2) and several of its metabolites have significant carcinogenic effects. E2 can exert its pro-cancer effect by inducing proto-oncogene activation, inhibiting the function of tumor suppressor genes, promoting tumor cell proliferation, enhancing tumor cell invasion and metastasis, and promoting microvessel formation around tumor tissues. Metabolites produce free radicals by directly binding to intracellular proteins and DNA, or participating in redox reactions, and indirectly damaging DNA to exert its carcinogenic effects. By exploring the mechanism of estrogen-induced tumors, we can better understand and prevent endogenous and endogenous estrogens and the harm to humans caused by estrogen-related carcinogens in the environment.