在心脏外科手术围术期，多种因素可导致患者出现应激性高血糖状态。围术期应激性高血糖状态能够影响患者的恢复，并增加并发症发生率和死亡风险。该文结合循证医学研究进展讨论心脏外科手术患者围术期血糖、术前血糖、术中血糖、术后血糖、糖化血红蛋白与短期和长期病死率及并发症的相互关系，并阐述心脏外科手术血糖控制目标。“,”Multiple factors may lead to stress hyperglycemia during perioperative period of cardiac sur-gery.The stress hyperglycemia can affect the patient′s recovery, and increase the morbidity and mortality . Here is to make a review of the relationship between the peroperative ,preoperative,intraoperative and postop-erative glucose,HbA1c and the short-term and long-term mortality and complications of cardiac surgery,as well as the glucose level control target in cardiac surgery.