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目的探讨乙肝疫苗联合乙肝免疫球蛋白(HBIG)阻断乙肝病毒(HBV)母婴传播的效果。方法选择2010年1月-2013年7月在重庆三峡中心医院分娩的214例儿童为研究对象,所有儿童母亲均为乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性,且儿童全部完成乙肝疫苗联合HBIG接种,分析所有儿童乙肝免疫情况及感染情况。结果母亲双阳性[乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)和乙肝e抗原(HBeAg)同时阳性]儿童HBsAg阳性和HBs Ab阳性比例分别为6.12%和60.20%,明显高于母亲单阳性HBsAg和乙肝e抗体(HBeAb)同时阳性儿童(P<0.05);不同年龄段儿童乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性和HBs Ab阳性比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同喂养方式儿童HBsAg阳性比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);母乳喂养儿童HBs Ab阳性比例为76.54%,明显高于人工喂养儿童,两者比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论接种乙肝疫苗和HBIG能有效阻断HBV母婴垂直传播,阻断效果与母亲是否双阳性有关。
Objective To investigate the effect of hepatitis B vaccine combined with hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) on the mother-infant transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV). Methods From January 2010 to July 2013,214 cases of children delivered at Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital were studied. All children were positive for HBsAg, and all children completed hepatitis B vaccine and HBIG vaccination. All children Hepatitis B immunization and infection in children. Results The positive rates of HBsAg positive and HBs Ab positive were 6.12% and 60.20% in maternal double positives (positive for HBsAg and HBeAg simultaneously) (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in HBsAg positive rate and HBs Ab positive rate in children of different ages (P> 0.05). There was no significant difference in HBsAg positive rate among children of different feeding ways (P> 0.05). The positive rate of HBs Ab in breastfed children was 76.54%, which was significantly higher than that of artificially fed children. There was significant difference between the two groups (P <0.05). Conclusion Hepatitis B vaccine and HBIG can effectively block the vertical transmission of HBV in infants and mothers. The blocking effect is related to whether the mother is double-positive.