司马迁文学批评思想十分丰富,除了发愤著书、以诗论赋、以诗论骚等内容外,还颠覆了传统的“三不朽”观念,抬高著述立言的地位;较早对作品风格与作家之间关系展开探讨,其观点为“文如其人”之先声;以孔子“我欲载之空言,不如见之于行事之深切著明也”为记事性著述辩护,指出其文体性优点,抬高其地位,同时也反映了司马迁对单纯记事的否定;司马迁文学批评思想中有很多观点来自《易传》,本文对此也作了简单探讨。 Sima Qian’s thought of literary criticism is very rich, in addition to angry books, poetry Fu, poetry and other content, but also subverts the traditional concept of “three immortality”, raising the position of the rhetoric; Earlier on the work style And the writer explores the relationship between the writer and his point of view for the “text as the man ” the sound of the first; to Confucius “I want to carry a gossip, it is better to see the action of the deep and clear” It points out its stylistic advantages and elevates its position, and at the same time, it reflects Sima Qian’s negation of mere memoirs. There are many opinions in Sima Qian’s literary criticism from Yi Zhuan, and this article also makes a brief discussion on it.