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陕晋蒙三角地区,是黄土高原土壤侵蚀最严重的地区。特殊的自然环境,上升较强的新构造运动,特别是人为破坏植被、乱垦滥牧,是加速土壤侵蚀的重要原因。本区侵蚀方式复杂多样,但以水力侵蚀和风力侵蚀为主。该区土壤侵蚀地域差异明显,多种侵蚀方式在空间上具有迭加的特点,在时间序列上具有交错分布、前后相连,使一年内几乎每个季节都有较强的土壤侵蚀存在。而风蚀(3—4月)和水蚀(7—9月)形成一年之中两个侵蚀高峰。充分认识该区土壤侵蚀的严重性、原因及其特点,对治理土壤侵蚀,减少入黄泥沙,建设能源基地,有着重要的现实意义。
Shannxi Triangle area, is the most serious soil erosion in the Loess Plateau. The special natural environment and the strong rise of neotectonic movement, especially the artificial destruction of vegetation and the indiscriminate overgrazing are the important reasons for accelerating soil erosion. Erosion patterns in this area are complex and diverse, but mainly water erosion and wind erosion. There are obvious differences in the soil erosion area in this area. Many kinds of erosion patterns have superposition characteristics in space. They are staggered in time series and connected in succession so that soil erosion can be found in almost every season in a year. Wind erosion (March-April) and water erosion (July-September) form two erosion peaks during the year. It is of great practical significance to fully understand the seriousness, causes and characteristics of soil erosion in this area and to control soil erosion, reduce sediment into the Yellow River and build energy base.