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目的利用逆向工程法快速建立含下颌第一磨牙种植义齿的颌骨三维有限元模型,并对种植体周围骨组织进行有限元分析。方法通过螺旋CT扫描正常下颌骨,利用逆向工程法建立下颌第一磨牙种植修复的三维有限元模型,加载颊向、垂直、水平3组作用力,分析种植体周围骨组织应力反应。结果获得了满意的正常牙槽骨高度的下颌第一磨牙种植体三维有限元模型,包括种植体冠、种植体、皮质骨、松质骨4个部件。种植体周围骨组织应力在垂直加载下分布均匀、大小接近,而在水平向和颊向加载下分布于颊侧颈部的皮质骨内、应力集中。结论利用逆向工程法建立的模型可以真实反映下颌第一磨牙种植体周围骨组织的应力情况,使有限元分析结果更接近真实。
Objective To establish a three-dimensional (3D) finite element model of mandible with implant-supported mandibular first molars by reverse engineering and perform finite element analysis on the bone tissue around the implant. Methods The normal mandibles were scanned by spiral CT. The three-dimensional finite element model of the mandibular first molar was established by reverse engineering. The biomechanical forces of the mandibular first molar were loaded and the stress responses of the bone around the implant were analyzed. Results The satisfactory three-dimensional finite element model of mandibular first molar with normal alveolar bone height was obtained, including four components of implant crowns, implants, cortical bone and cancellous bone. Bone tissue around the implant stress distributed evenly under the vertical load, the size of the close, but in the horizontal and buccal load distribution in the buccal neck cortical bone, stress concentration. Conclusion The model established by reverse engineering method can truly reflect the stress situation of the bone tissue around the first mandibular implants so as to make the results of the finite element analysis more realistic.