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采用5×5不完全双列杂交观察杂交水稻三交种的产量优势表现,并对株高等13个农艺性状进行配合力方差分析。部分三交种产量极显著高于对应的单交种。三交种单株产量与特殊配合力相对效应值和配合力总效应值均呈极显著相关。剑叶长以基因非加性效应的作用为主;千粒重、有效穗数和单株产量虽然基因加性效应大于非加性效应,但后者仍占相当的比重;株高、抽穗期、主穗长、结实率、剑叶宽、粒长、粒宽和粒形以基因加性效应的作用为主。
The 5 × 5 incomplete diallel cross was used to observe the yield superiority of three cross hybrid rice cultivars, and the variance analysis of 13 agronomic traits was carried out. The yield of some three crossbreds was significantly higher than that of the corresponding single crossbreds. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between the relative value of special yield and the total effect of combining ability. The length of flag leaf was dominated by gene non-additive effect. Although the additive effect of the 1000-grain weight, the effective panicle number and the yield per plant was greater than that of the non-additive effect, the latter still accounted for a considerable proportion of plant height, heading date, Spike length, seed setting rate, flag leaf width, grain length, grain width and grain shape are the main effects of gene additive effect.