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目的 探讨老年人睡眠呼吸暂停综合征 (SAS)的临床特点。方法 用多导睡眠监测系统通过 7h多导睡眠图检查确诊SAS患者 3 2 9例 ,按年龄分为老年组与中青年组对比分析。结果 老年组与中青年组SAS比较 :体重指数 (BMI)、颈围老年组较中青年组低 ,差异有极显著性 (P <0 0 1)。呼吸暂停低通气指数 (AHI)、微觉醒指数 (MAI)老年组较低 ,最低SaO2 、平均SaO2 老年组较高 ,差异有极显著性 (P <0 0 1)。老年组 3、4期睡眠较中青年组少 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 )。老年组轻中度SAS较中青年组多 ,中枢性与混合性SAS明显较中青年组增多 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 )。老年组匹配了BMI、颈围后 ,年龄与呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)呈负相关 (r =-0 2 16,P <0 0 1) ,BMI、颈围与AHI呈正相关 (r分别为 0 3 3 6和 0 2 10 ,P <0 0 1)。结论 匹配了BMI、颈围后 ,老年组SAS严重程度较中青年组轻 ,中枢性与混合性SAS老年组明显较中青年组增多。
Objective To investigate the clinical features of sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) in the elderly. Methods Using polysomnography, 372 patients with SAS were confirmed by 7h polysomnography, and divided into the elderly group and the middle-aged group by age. Results The SAS of elderly group and middle-aged group was lower than that of middle-aged group (body mass index, BMI), and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Apnea hypopnea index (AHI), arousal index (MAI) in the elderly group was lower, the lowest SaO2, the average SaO2 elderly group was higher, the difference was significant (P <0.01). The elderly group 3,4 sleep less than the young group, the difference was significant (P <0 05). In the elderly group, mild to moderate SAS was more than in the middle-aged group, central SAS and SAS were significantly increased compared with the middle-aged group, the difference was significant (P <0 05). Elderly matched BMI, and neck age was negatively correlated with AHI (r = -0.216, P <0.01). BMI and neck circumference were positively correlated with AHI (r = 0 3 3 6 and 0 2 10, P <0 0 1). Conclusion After matching BMI and neck circumference, the SAS severity of the elderly group is lighter than that of the middle-aged group. The central and mixed SAS elderly group is significantly more than the young group.