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目的监测山东省预防艾滋病母婴传播咨询与检测服务情况,了解孕产妇艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染情况及流行特征,为制定预防艾滋病母婴传播干预措施提供依据。方法 2008-2009年以连续横断面调查方法对山东省部分县(市、区)的孕产妇进行HIV感染自愿咨询与检测,HIV初筛阳性者做确认试验;使用Excel和SPSS软件进行数据整理和统计分析。结果孕产妇在孕晚期接受HIV抗体检测咨询服务的比例仍然较高,在孕早期接受HIV抗体检测咨询服务的比例比较低;性传播是山东省孕产妇感染HIV的主要途径;艾滋病病毒感染孕产妇年龄主要在25～35岁之间、多为从外省嫁入的少数民族妇女、受教育程度普遍较低、家庭生活困难、多为农民或无业人员。结论从外省嫁入的少数民族妇女是艾滋病母婴传播的高发人群;育龄妇女感染HIV的初级预防是预防艾滋病母婴传播的工作重点之一;采取综合的干预措施能有效减少艾滋病母婴传播的危险,可最大程度地减少儿童感染艾滋病,降低艾滋病对妇女、儿童的影响。
Objective To monitor the consultation and testing services on prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV / AIDS in Shandong Province, understand the HIV / AIDS status and epidemiological characteristics of pregnant women, and provide the basis for formulating interventions to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV / AIDS. Methods From 2008 to 2009, we conducted a voluntary cross-sectional survey of pregnant women in some counties (cities and districts) in Shandong Province for voluntary counseling and testing of HIV infection. Confirmed tests were performed on HIV positive subjects. Excel and SPSS software were used for data collation and Statistical Analysis. As a result, the proportion of pregnant women receiving HIV antibody testing counseling services in the third trimester was still high, and the proportion of HIV antibody testing counseling services in the first trimester was relatively low. Sexual transmission was the main way that pregnant women infected with HIV in Shandong Province. HIV infected pregnant women Mostly between the ages of 25 and 35, mostly ethnic minority women who marry from other provinces have generally lower levels of education, have difficult family life and are mostly peasants or unemployed persons. Conclusion The ethnic minority women marry from other provinces are the high incidence of mother-to-child transmission of HIV / AIDS. The primary prevention of HIV infection among women of reproductive age is one of the focuses of prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV / AIDS. Integrated interventions can effectively reduce the transmission of HIV Dangerous to minimize the children’s HIV infection and reduce the impact of AIDS on women and children.