奥苏伯尔认为:学生在接触到新的知识时,总是试图用旧的知识结构和思维方式去理解它,有时甚至会修正新知识的含义,以适应旧的知识结构与思维方式,结果新与旧混杂在一起,派生出形形色色的偏离了科学概念的想法,这就是所谓的相异构想。学生在学习过程中的相异构想是影响学生学习进程的重要因素。在平时的教学过程中,教师只要多留意学生的学习过程和学习状况,便会发现学生的科学学习过程并不是一帆风顺的。究其原因,这可能跟学生头脑 Ausubel believes that when students come into contact with new knowledge, they always try to understand it by using the old knowledge structure and thinking mode, and sometimes even modify the meaning of new knowledge to adapt to the old knowledge structure and thinking mode. The result Mixed with new and old, derived from all kinds of ideas that deviate from the concept of science, which is the so-called different ideas. Students in the learning process of different ideas is an important factor affecting the learning process of students. In the usual teaching process, as long as teachers pay more attention to the learning process and learning status of students, they will find that students’ learning process of science is not always easy. The reason, it may be with the students mind