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目的:了解伊宁市目前艾滋病死因结构的状况,提出改善和预防的对策,为今后的治疗提供参考。方法:以伊宁市2013年1月至2014年12月上报至中国疾病预防控制信息系统的374例艾滋病死亡病例为资料来源,采用描述性流行病学的方法,对伊宁市艾滋病死亡病例进行回顾性分析。结果:2013年1月至2014年12月共上报374例AIDS/HIV病例,其中男276例,女98例;静脉吸毒传播途径为197例(52.7%),异性性传播途径为155例(41.4%),不详为20例(5.3%),同性性传播途径为2例;CD4+T淋巴计数检测平均(243±205)个/μL;从确证HIV抗体阳性到死亡时间,平均中位数为1355d,接受抗病毒治疗的病例和未接受抗病毒治疗的病例平均生存天数分别为1794、472天,秩和检验两组有统计学意义(Z=-6.44,P<0.05);艾滋病相关死亡为149例占39.8%,其中艾滋病机会性感染、艾滋病相关性肿瘤、艾滋病相关特指和综合征所占的比例依次为37.2%、0.8%、1.9%;艾滋病无关疾病死亡为202例占54.0%,其中肝炎和肝炎以外的消化系统疾病所占的比例最多,依次为21.7%、13.9%。恶性肿瘤、心血管疾病所占的比例依次为5.6%、5.1%。结论:死亡病例中男性多于女性,该地区因注射毒品感染为主要传播特征,死因结构中艾滋病无关疾病死亡的比例大于艾滋病相关疾病,肝炎、消化系统疾病、机会性感染是主要的直接死亡原因。艾滋病死亡结构受众多因素的影响,因此艾滋病的死亡原因也可能会相应有所改变。
Objective: To understand the current status of AIDS death cause structure in Yining City and to put forward measures for improvement and prevention so as to provide reference for the future treatment. Methods: A total of 374 HIV / AIDS deaths reported to China’s CDC from January 2013 to December 2014 in Yining City were used as data sources. A descriptive epidemiological study was conducted on AIDS deaths in Yining City Retrospective analysis. Results: A total of 374 AIDS / HIV cases were reported from January 2013 to December 2014, of which 276 were male and 98 were female. Intravenous drug delivery was 197 (52.7%) and heterosexual transmission was 155 (41.4 %), 20 (5.3%) were unknown, and 2 were of the same sex. The mean CD4 + T lymphocyte count was (243 ± 205) / μL. From confirmatory HIV antibody positive to death time, the mean median was 1355d. The average survival days of patients receiving antiviral therapy and those without receiving antiviral therapy were 1794 and 472 days, respectively. The rank sum test was statistically significant (Z = -6.44, P <0.05). AIDS-related death was 149 cases accounted for 39.8%, of which AIDS opportunistic infections, AIDS-related tumors, AIDS-related specialties and syndromes accounted for 37.2%, 0.8%, 1.9% in turn; AIDS-related deaths 202 cases accounted for 54.0% Among them, hepatitis and hepatitis accounted for the largest proportion of digestive diseases, followed by 21.7% and 13.9% respectively. The proportion of malignant tumors and cardiovascular diseases was 5.6% and 5.1% respectively. Conclusions: There are more males than females in the deaths. Infection in the area is the main feature of transmission, and the proportion of AIDS-related deaths in the cause of death structure is greater than that of AIDS-related diseases, hepatitis, digestive diseases and opportunistic infections, which are the main causes of direct death . The AIDS death structure is affected by many factors, so the cause of death of AIDS may also be changed accordingly.