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本文通过构建一个农户林业经营决策的经济学分析框架,基于交易费用视角探讨分权改革对农户林业经营的激励作用。理论模型表明,林权私有化有利于提高集体收益,而外部选择和交易费用弱化了林权下放对农户的激励作用,产权下放可能无法对林农形成有效激励。采用福建、贵州两省的问卷调研数据,构建包含地区变量的Logistic模型检验假说,研究发现:明晰产权对林业经营确实存在明显的经营激励作用;林业市场条件较好促使农户积极经营;未加入地区变量时政策约束与林业经营状况呈显著的负相关关系,而在加入地区变量后相关关系消失。最后,提出完善林权改革配套政策,将民众参与纳入政策制定与执行,加强条块协调的政策建议。
In this paper, we construct an economic analysis framework for decision-making of forestry management in rural households, and discuss the incentive role of decentralized reforms on the management of rural households based on transaction costs. The theoretical model shows that the privatization of forest rights is conducive to raising collective returns, while the external selection and transaction costs weaken the incentives for farmers to decentralize forest rights. The decentralization of property rights may not result in an effective incentive for forest farmers. The questionnaire survey data of Fujian and Guizhou provinces were used to construct the Logistic model test hypothesis that contains regional variables. The study found that: clear property rights do have significant business incentives to forestry management; forestry market conditions are good to promote the farmers to actively manage; did not join the region There was a significant negative correlation between the policy constraints and the state of forestry management while the variables disappeared after joining the regional variables. Finally, it puts forward some suggestions on how to perfect supporting policies of forest tenure reform, including people’s participation in the formulation and implementation of policies, and strengthening the coordination of tenure.