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目的通过对常熟市城区2006～2008年出生儿童预防接种率基础统计分析,了解实施儿童扩大免疫规划前后,常住儿童和流动儿童在相关疫苗预防接种情况;针对影响因素,提出对策和措施。方法根据江苏省儿童计划免疫程序,组织辖区内的全体适龄儿童开展预防接种,对2周岁内能完成的基础免疫进行统计分析接种率,采用χ2检验,比较2006～2008年度出生儿童接种率,了解常熟市城区自2008年5月起实施扩大儿童免疫规划以后对免疫接种率的影响。结果从2006～2008年出生儿童预防接种率统计分析来看,扩大免疫规划实施前即为一类疫苗的“五苗二脑”本地儿童接种率略高于流动儿童,统计分析无显著性差异。通过对2006年1～10月出生的儿童接种的麻风腮三联和甲肝灭活疫苗(原为收费的二类疫苗)和2006年11月份以后出生的全体儿童接种的麻风腮三联和甲肝减毒活疫苗(扩大免疫规划实施后改为免费的一类疫苗)作比较,本地儿童的上述二类疫苗接种率无显著性差异,流动儿童的上述二类疫苗接种率存在显著性差异,有统计学意义。结论实施儿童扩大免疫规划对提升所有儿童,尤其是流动儿童预防接种工作有着十分积极的意义,对构筑我市的免疫屏障,控制相关传染病将起到决定性作用。
OBJECTIVE Through the basic statistical analysis of the immunization coverage rate of birth children in urban areas of Changshu from 2006 to 2008, we can know the situation of vaccination of resident children and floating children before and after the implementation of the expanded immunization program for children. In view of the influencing factors, the countermeasures and measures are put forward. Methods According to the program of immunization of children in Jiangsu Province, all the children of school-age in our jurisdiction were vaccinated. The immunization coverage rate of basic immunization within 2 years of age was statistically analyzed. The χ2 test was used to compare the immunization rates of born children in 2006 ~ 2008. Changshu City since May 2008 since the implementation of the expansion of childhood immunization programs on the impact of immunization rates. Results From the statistical analysis of the immunization coverage rate of birth children from 2006 to 2008, the vaccination rate of local children who were a kind of vaccine prior to the expansion of immunization program was slightly higher than that of floating children, and there was no statistical analysis difference. Through the triple immunization with hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis A inactivated vaccine (formerly fee-paying type II vaccine) for children born from January to October 2006 and the attenuated total live attenuated hepatitis A virus (MMR) and all hepatitis B virus born in all children born after November 2006 Vaccines (changed to a free vaccine after the implementation of the expanded immunization program). There was no significant difference in the above two types of vaccination rates among local children. There was a significant difference in the above two types of vaccination rates among migrant children . Conclusions The implementation of children’s expanded immunization program has a very positive meaning in promoting the vaccination of all children, especially migrant children and will play a decisive role in building the city’s immune barrier and controlling related infectious diseases.