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笔者反复看了1991年10月22日《人民日报》一、二、三版中的几则新闻,发现其中有如下逻辑错误。 (1)“据海关统计,1至3季度我国出口总额达到495亿美元,增长19.5％;进口总额达到433亿美元,增长18.5％。”(第一版《我国对外经济日益活跃》) 析:这段话中的“增长”是一个表关系的概念。既然是表关系的,就应该有相应的关系项。这里,却少了一个关系项,即进出口总额的增长幅度是和多会儿相比而得出来的。由于忽略了一个关系项,就使这段话的逻辑含义不明确了。 (2)“火葬还具有省钱、卫生、简便的优点,但是当前各地火化率悬殊很大,北京等大城市已达到
The author repeatedly read several news in People’s Daily First, Second and Third Edition of October 22, 1991 and found that there were some logic errors as follows. (1) According to the statistics of the Customs, in the first three quarters, China’s total export volume reached 49.5 billion U.S. dollars, up 19.5 percent; the total amount of imports hit 43.3 billion U.S. dollars, up 18.5 percent. “(The first edition of” China’s Foreign Economy is increasingly Active “) Analysis: The word ”growth“ in this passage is a concept of table relations. Since it is the relationship between the table, it should have the corresponding relationship. Here, however, there is one less relation, that is, the growth of the total volume of imports and exports is comparable to that of a long time. Ignoring a relational item makes the logical meaning of the passage unclear. (2) ”Cremation also has the advantages of saving money, providing health and convenience. However, the rate of cremation varies greatly across the country and the big cities such as Beijing have reached