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18世纪,英国近代科学一度衰落,而法国近代科学则昌明于西方世界。直到19世纪未,法国资产阶级科教制度仍然是西方资本主义国家极力效仿的楷模。 自然科学的启蒙作用 17世纪未,随着资本主义的兴起,法国近代科学开始冲破宗教的枷锁,进入了新的发展时期。笛卡尔的数学理论,巴斯喀的气压和液压定律,马略特的流体力学,以及达朗贝尔的偏微分方程,都是资本主义经济高涨带来的结果。科学组织相继出现,“自由研究”蔚然成风。
In the eighteenth century, modern science in the United Kingdom declined, while modern science in France grew prosperous in the western world. It was not until the 19th century that the French bourgeois system of science and education remained a role model for Western capitalist countries. Enlightenment of Natural Science In the 17th century, with the rise of capitalism, modern French science began to break the shackles of religion and entered a new period of development. The mathematical theory of Descartes, Pascal's law of pressure and fluidity, the fluid mechanics of Marius, and the Darwin's partial differential equations are the result of the capitalist economy. Scientific organizations have appeared one after another, “free research” has become common practice.