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刑事诉讼非法证据排除规则是指在刑事诉讼中对非法证据进行甄别、认定和排除的证据规则。根据现行法律及司法解释,非法言词证据的排除已经明确,但非法实物证据的排除还有待明晰。2010年实施的“两个证据规定”标志着我国初步构建起刑事诉讼非法证据排除规则。2012年修正的《刑事诉讼法》引入了人权保障理念,以法律形式规定了刑事诉讼非法证据的排除。当前,刑事诉讼非法证据排除规则存在非法实物证据的排除缺乏可操作性、非法证据排除的启动程序不够合理等问题。本文认为,应当通过明确规定非法实物证据的排除、设立非法证据排除专门法庭、实行讯问过程强制录音录像等措施进一步完善我国刑事诉讼非法证据排除规则。
Exclusion of illegal evidence in criminal proceedings refers to the rules of evidence in criminal proceedings to identify, identify and rule out the evidence. According to the current law and judicial interpretation, the exclusion of illegitimate evidence has been clarified, but the exclusion of illegally obtained physical evidence remains to be clarified. The “two rules of evidence” implemented in 2010 marked the preliminary construction of the rule of exclusion of illegal evidence in criminal proceedings in our country. The Criminal Procedure Law, amended in 2012, introduced the concept of human rights protection and provided for the legal form of the exclusion of illegal evidence in criminal proceedings. At present, there are some problems such as the exclusion of illegal physical evidence in the rule of exclusion of illegal evidence in criminal procedure, the lack of operability in the exclusion of illegal evidence and the unreasonable initiation of illegal evidence. This paper argues that we should further improve the exclusionary rules of illegal evidence in criminal procedure in our country by clearly stipulating the exclusion of illegally obtained physical evidence, setting up illegal evidence to exclude specialized courts and enforcing audio recording and recording during the interrogation process.