Purpose: To study the retinoblastoma cell culture and to establish a new retinoblastoma cell line.Methods: 22 retinoblastomas were cultured by using the method of single cell suspension. Characteristics of the cultured cells were studied in the following programs: tumor cell morphology in vitro, electron microscopic, growth curve, cloning in soft agar,immunohistochemistry,karyotype and tumorigenicity. Results: 22 retinoblastomas were cultured successfully in vitro,only a continued cell line HXO-Rb44 was established (more than 3 years). The characteristics of this cell line are that it grew as a suspension of round cell in graps like clusters in vitro, its population doubling time was 44 hours,and it could be cloned in soft a-gar. Histopathologic and ultrastructured pictures showed the characteristics of Rb. HXO-Rb44 cell was positive to NSE and negative to GFAP in immunohis-tochemical staining. A subcutaneous injection of HXO-Rb44 cells produced a retinoblastoma in BALB/C athumic nude mice.Conclusions: Purpose: To study the retinoblastoma cell culture and establish a new retinoblastoma cell line. Methods: 22 retinoblastomas were cultured by using the method of single cell suspension. Characteristics of the cultured cells were studied in the following programs: tumor cell morphology in vitro, electron microscopic, growth curve, cloning in soft agar, immunohistochemistry, karyotype and tumorigenicity. Results: 22 retinoblastomas were cultured successfully in vitro, only a continued cell line HXO-Rb44 was established (more than 3 years). The characteristics of this cell line are that it grew up as a suspension of round cells in graps like clusters in vitro, its population doubling time was 44 hours, and it could cloned in soft a-gar. Histopathologic and ultrastructured pictures showed the characteristics of Rb. HXO-Rb44 cell was positive to NSE and negative to GFAP in immunohis-tochemical staining. A subcutaneous injection of HXO-Rb44 cells produced a retinoblastoma in BALB / C athumic nude mice.Conclusions: