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了解中药注射剂在老年人群中的药品不良反应(ADR)发生情况,为临床用药提供参考。采用回顾性分析方法,对23 096例中药注射剂致老年人不良反应病例,从性别、年龄、用药情况、严重程度、发生时间及ADR的主要表现、转归等多角度进行统计分析。结果表明,中药注射剂致老年人ADR占中药注射剂ADR总体的31.4%;中药注射剂引起的老年人ADR以全身性损害为主,占35%,其次是对皮肤及其附件的损害占25%,对心血管系统的损害占13.3%;活血类的中药注射剂引起老年人ADR例次最多,占46.8%,其次是清热类注射剂占23.3%和补益类注射剂占14.9%;刺五加注射液引起的ADR病例数最多,占10.3%。因此,对老年患者要合理使用中药注射剂,加强对中药注射剂不良反应的监测。
To understand the incidence of adverse drug reaction (ADR) in traditional Chinese medicine injection in the elderly population and provide reference for clinical use. A retrospective analysis was conducted to analyze the adverse reactions of 23 096 Chinese traditional medicine injection to the elderly. Statistical analysis was made based on the gender, age, drug use, severity, timing of onset, and the main manifestations of ADR. The results showed that ADR caused by traditional Chinese medicine injection accounted for 31.4% of the total ADR of Chinese medicine injection. The main cause of systemic damage was ADR of old people caused by injection of traditional Chinese medicine, accounting for 35%, followed by 25% damage to skin and its accessories. Cardiovascular system damage accounted for 13.3%; Chinese medicine injection of activated blood caused the most cases of ADR in the elderly, accounting for 46.8%, followed by heat-clearing injection accounted for 23.3% and replenishment of injection accounted for 14.9%; Acanthopanax injection caused ADR The largest number of cases, accounting for 10.3%. Therefore, elderly patients should be reasonable use of traditional Chinese medicine injections, to strengthen the adverse reactions of Chinese medicine injection monitoring.