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新喹诺酮类抗菌药物对革蓝氏阳性和阴性菌具有广谱的抗菌作用.由于细菌对其他许多抗菌剂已经耐药,所以人们预料细菌对氟喹诺酮类很快产生耐药性.事实上,由于在治疗中耐药性的快速产生,作为喹诺酮类最早的化合物——萘啶酸,一般已不使用.本文综述细菌对氟喹诺酮类耐药性的问题.喹诺酮类的作用机制已证实喹诺酮类如萘啶酸和恶喹酸的抗菌作用机制为抑制细菌DNA旋转酶.该酶同时具有使双股DNA链解开及连结功能.肠杆菌科细菌如大肠杆菌所含的DNA旋转酶由两个A亚基和两个B亚基组成.编码这些亚基的基因分别称为gyrA和gyrB.DNA旋转酶以ATP为能源,使闭环DNA反相扭曲成超螺旋形结构及将DNA链中的片断解开
New quinolone antibacterials have a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against gram-positive and -negative bacteria, and bacterial resistance to fluoroquinolones is expected as bacteria are already resistant to many other antibacterial agents.In fact, due to In the treatment of rapid drug resistance, as the earliest quinolone compounds - nalidixic acid, generally not used.This article reviews the bacterial resistance to fluoroquinolones.Quinolones mechanism of action has been confirmed by quinolones such as The antibacterial mechanism of nalidixic acid and oxolinic acid is to inhibit the bacterial DNA gyrase, which simultaneously has the function of unlocking and ligating the double-stranded DNA chain. The DNA gyrase contained in Enterobacteriaceae such as E. coli consists of two A Subunits and two subunits B. The genes encoding these subunits are called gyrA and gyrB.DNA gyrase uses ATP as the energy source to invert the closed loop DNA to a supercoiled structure and to fragment the DNA strand open