从学术研究的动机来看,主要有两种:“为实用而学问”的态度,和“为学问而学问”或“为学术而学术”的态度;从学术研究的性质来看,一种是“求一般法则”,另一种是“求个别事实”;在治学方式上,中西学术也有很大不同,主要表现在基础研究和应用研究的差异。中西学术各有所长,也各有所短。在2 1世纪,如何提升中国学术研究科学化水平,是学术界急需探讨的一个问题。 There are mainly two kinds of motives for academic research: the attitude of “learning for practical purposes” and the attitude of “learning for learning” or “academic for academic purposes.” From the nature of academic research, one is “Seeking the general rule” and the other one is “seeking individual facts.” In terms of the way of learning, there are also great differences between Chinese and western scholarship, mainly in the differences between basic research and applied research. Both Chinese and Western scholars have their own strengths and weaknesses. In the 21st century, how to improve the scientific level of Chinese academic research is an issue that the academic community urgently needs to explore.