从经济学的角度对林业可持续发展概念与实现森林资源可持续发展的前提条件进行了探讨。分析了林业可持续发展与人均国民收入之间的关系，认为社会资本的调整对林业可持续发展有着至关重要的影响，并对林业持续发展的标准与核算问题进行了初步分析。结合我国的林业发展情况，对天然林保护工程与林业分工论等进行了分析。 From the economic point of view, the concept of sustainable development of forestry and the preconditions for the sustainable development of forest resources are discussed. The relationship between sustainable development of forestry and per capita national income is analyzed. It is considered that the adjustment of social capital is crucial to the sustainable development of forestry, and the standards and accounting of sustainable development of forestry are analyzed. Combined with the development of forestry in our country, the paper analyzes the protection of natural forests and forestry division of labor.