体外循环下心脏术后发热作为一种临床常见并发症开始引起临床医师的关注。发热机制包括体液学说和神经学说。术后发热原因可简单分为非感染性发热和感染性发热。非感染性发热常见于炎性反应、自身免疫反应、药物及输血等。感染性发热常见于呼吸道感染、切口感染及血行感染等。现就体外循环下心脏术后的发热原因进行概述。 Cardiopulmonary bypass fever as a common clinical complication began to attract the attention of clinicians. The mechanisms of fever include both humoral and neurological theories. Postoperative fever can be simply divided into non-infectious fever and infectious fever. Non-infective fever common in inflammatory reactions, autoimmune reactions, drugs and blood transfusion. Infectious fever common in respiratory infections, incisional infections and bloodstream infections. Now under cardiopulmonary bypass heart fever are summarized.