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目的掌握山东省成人碘营养状况及相关特征,为全民减盐防控高血压干预提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,横断面调查20个县(市)、区的常居成年人,从膳食调查居民户中各收集1人的24 h尿液进行尿碘浓度检测。结果全省检测成人尿样2 036份,其尿碘水平均值为(349.02±296.39)μg/L,MUI为250.33μg/L;有8.20%、28.24%、22.64%和40.91%的成人碘营养状态分别表现为碘缺乏、碘适宜、碘充足、碘过多。丘岭、山地、平原地区的MUI分别为213.66μg/L、224.15μg/L、375.32μg/L;丘岭地区碘缺乏的比例最高为12.53%,平原地区碘过多的比例最高为58.82%。内陆MUI为270.58μg/L,沿海MUI为204.04μg/L;内陆多表现为碘过多占45.60%,碘缺乏占6.60%;沿海碘缺乏占13.21%,碘过多者达26.22%。MUI以鲁东沿海最低、鲁西平原最高。城市MUI为221.29μg/L,农村MUI为266.70μg/L;城市碘缺乏的占10.65%,农村碘过多的高达44.85%。男性MUI为265.20μg/L,女性MUI为235.13μg/L。结论山东省成人碘营养大部分处于充足和过量状态,仅部分呈现碘缺乏。全省的碘营养状况存在地势地貌、地理位置、城乡、性别差异。在减少食盐摄入控制高血压的同时,应对其进行碘营养评估。
Objective To understand the nutritional status and related characteristics of iodine in adults in Shandong Province and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of hypertension by all the people. Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to survey the urine concentration of 24 h urine from 1 household in the surveyed households of 20 counties (cities) in the cross-sectional survey. Results There were 2 036 urine samples in adults in the province, with mean urinary iodine levels of (349.02 ± 296.39) μg / L and MUI of 250.33 μg / L; adult iodine nutritional status of 8.20%, 28.24%, 22.64% and 40.91% Respectively for the lack of iodine, iodine appropriate, adequate iodine, iodine too much. The MUI of mound, mountain and plain were 213.66μg / L, 224.15μg / L and 375.32μg / L, respectively. The highest iodine deficiency in Qiu Ling area was 12.53% and the highest iodine in plain area was 58.82%. Inland MUI was 270.58μg / L, coastal MUI was 204.04μg / L; inland, the performance of excessive iodine was 45.60%, iodine deficiency accounted for 6.60%; coastal iodine deficiency accounted for 13.21%, iodine was 26.22%. MUI to the lowest coastal Ludong, Shandong Luxi the highest. The urban MUI was 221.29μg / L, the rural MUI was 266.70μg / L, the urban iodine deficiency accounted for 10.65%, and the rural iodine was as high as 44.85%. Male MUI was 265.20 μg / L and female MUI was 235.13 μg / L. Conclusion Most adult iodine nutrition in Shandong Province is in an adequate and excessive state, and only partially shows iodine deficiency. The province’s iodine nutrition exists topography, geographical location, urban and rural areas, gender differences. In reducing salt intake control of hypertension at the same time, it should be iodine nutrition assessment.